Improving the performance of Biometric identification and authentication systems using advanced multimodal techniques
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Date
2021
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Publisher
University of M'sila
Abstract
Biometrics is a scientific technology to recognize a person using their physical, behavior
or chemical attributes. Biometrics is nowadays widely being used in several daily applications
ranging from smart device user authentication to border crossing. A system that uses a
single source of biometric information (e.g., single fingerprint) to recognize people is known
as unimodal or unibiometrics system. Whereas, the system that consolidates data from multiple
biometric sources of information (e.g., face and fingerprint) is called multimodal or multibiometrics
system. Multi-biometric systems can alleviate the error rates and some inherent
weaknesses of uni-biometrics systems.In this thesis, a novel scheme for score-level fusion based
on weighted quasi-arithmetic mean (WQAM) has been proposed. Specifically, WQAMs are estimated
via different trigonometric functions. The proposed fusion scheme encompasses properties
of both weighted mean and quasi-arithmetic mean. Moreover, it does not require any
learning process. Experimental results on three publicly available data sets for multi-modal,
multi-unit and multi-algorithm systems show that presented WQAM fusion algorithm outperforms
the previously proposed score fusion rules. In addition toWQAMmethod fusion, we have
suggested two multi-biometric systems for personal authentication purpose, the first framework
is based on vein patterns (i.e., palm and wrist vein patterns). The choice of these modalities was
for numerous reasons such as the stable information provided over people age as well as these
biometric traits are invisible to the human eye (i.e, they are located inside the skin), thus gaining
greater resistance to replicating or spoofing. Whilst, a novel multi-biometric system to authenticate
users based on their major knuckle finger patterns using four fingers (i.e., little, ring,
middle, and index) and iris is proposed in order to overcome some limitaions of uni-biometric
systems.