Hypoglycemic medicinal plants used in Setif region and their effects on experimentally-induced diabetes in rats
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Date
2021
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Publisher
Université de M'sila
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Olea
europea, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Eucalyptus globulus extracts, which were popular
through the survey, by Streptozotocin- induced diabetes in normal male adult rats via
comparison of changes in body weight, biochemical and histopatholoangical parameter.
Intravenous injection of 50 mg/kg of Streptozotocin in rats, makes pancreas swell and causes
degeneration of beta cells in Langerhans islet and induces experimental diabetes in 2 days. In
this study, the results showed that methanolic extract (ME) and chloroformic extract (ChE) of
Eucalyptus globulus leaves contained high polyphenolics and flavonoids contents, respectively,
whereas ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of Olea europea leaves and Trigonelle foenum-graecum
seeds contain the most important quantity in polyphenols and flavonoids. The obtained results
from HPLC technique allowed the detection of 36 phenolic compounds in MEO, 16 in MET
and 40 in MEE. In addition, ME of E.globulus showed a strong ABTS radical scavenging
activity, and inhibited the linoleic acid oxidation in ferric thiocyanate method and TBA. While,
the EAE of O.europea and T.foenum-graecum exhibited a good activity in reducing power,
ABTS and TBA assays. After Induction of diabetes, the volume of urine and glucose increased
in the untreated animals in comparison with normal ones, but the body weight decreased in the
untreated animals. The administration of MEO and MET at doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg and
MEE at doses of 150 and 500mg/kg increased catalase activity, GSH level and decreased lipid
peroxidation in the tissues of liver and kidneys, serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels.
Furthermore, histological damages in pancreas, kidney and liver tissues were reduced. These
results indicated a good hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity of the three studied plants, could
explain their use in folk medicine in the control of diabetes and preventing diabetic
complications by scavenging free radicals
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Keywords
Olea europea L, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Eucalyptus globulus, antidiabetic, antioxidant, polyphenols